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Django 1.74 版本取消 syncdb 后，请问怎么创建 admin 账号
首先没有取消syncdb
.只是在1.6的基础增加了south的功能 1.7数据库初始化的方法是先执行python manage.py makemigrations 然后再执行python manage.py migrate＃会询问你是否创建admin,依次输入账号和密码即可
django1.9.5怎么建立超级用户？
首先我们要新建一个用户名，用来登陆管理网站，可以使用如下命令：
python manage.py createsuperuser
输入想要使用的用户名：
Username (leave blank to use 'administrator'): user01
输入email：
Email address: (在这里输入你的自己的邮箱帐号)
输入密码，需要输入两次，并且输入密码时不会显示出来：
Password:
Password (again):
当两次密码都相同的时候，就会提示超级帐号创建成功。
Superuser created successfully.
运行服务：
python manage.py runserver
django 怎么建立sqlite3的用户名和密码？？
models.py 中创建class。。一个class（swinfo）就是一个表！
python manage.py validate validate 命令检查你的模型的语法和逻辑是否正确
python manage.py sqlall books 生成SQl文。
python manage.py syncdb 生成数据表。
python manage.py shell
import spinfo.models import swinfo
p1 = swinfo( , , )
p1.save()
sw_list=swinfo.objects.all()
sw_list
[swinfo: swinfo object, swinfo: swinfo object]
objects是models的一个管理器，以后会经常用到！
这里我们看到swinfo的实例的名字还是swinfo，不是很容易理解。
解决方法是为Publisher 对象添加一个方法 __unicode__()
def __unicode__(self):
return self.name
为了让我们的修改生效，先退出Python Shell，然后再次运行 python manage.py shell 进入。
sw_list
[swinfo: dog, swinfo: Cat]
插入数据
p = swinfo( , , )
p.save()
更新数据
p.name = 'Apress Publishing'
p.save()
*但这种更新不是轻量级的更新。
出处
如何在django上自动创建createuperuser
1. 创建项目
运行面命令创建 django 项目项目名称叫 mysite ：
$ django-admin.py startproject mysite
创建项目目录：
mysite
├── manage.py
└── mysite
├── __init__.py
├── settings.py
├── urls.py
└── wsgi.py
1 directory, 5 files
说明：
__init__.py ：让 Python 该目录发包 (即组模块)所需文件 空文件般需要修改
manage.py ：种命令行工具允许种式与该 Django 项目进行交互 键入python manage.py help看能做 应需要编辑文件；目录纯便
settings.py ：该 Django 项目设置或配置
urls.py：Django项目URL路由设置目前空
wsgi.py：WSGI web 应用服务器配置文件更细节查看 How to deploy with WSGI
接修改 settings.py 文件例：修改 LANGUAGE_CODE、设置区 TIME_ZONE
SITE_ID = 1
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh_CN'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
USE_TZ = True
面启 [Time zone]() 特性需要安装 pytz：
$ sudo pip install pytz
2. 运行项目
运行项目前我需要创建数据库表结构我使用默认数据库：
$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions
Running migrations:
Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
启服务：
$ python manage.py runserver
看面输：
Performing system checks...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
January 28, 2015 - 02:08:33
Django version 1.7.1, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
端口8000启本服务器, 并且能台电脑连接访问 既服务器已经运行起现用网页浏览器访问 应该看令赏悦目淡蓝色 Django 欢迎页面始工作
指定启端口:
$ python manage.py runserver 8080
及指定 ip：
$ python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
3. 创建 app
前面创建项目并且功运行现创建 app app 相于项目模块
项目目录创建 app：
$ python manage.py startapp polls
操作功 mysite 文件夹看已经叫 polls 文件夹目录结构：
polls
├── __init__.py
├── admin.py
├── migrations
│ └── __init__.py
├── models.py
├── tests.py
└── views.py
1 directory, 6 files
4. 创建模型
每 Django Model 都继承自 django.db.models.Model
Model 每属性 attribute 都代表 database field
通 Django Model API 执行数据库增删改查, 需要写些数据库查询语句
打 polls 文件夹 models.py 文件创建两模型：
import datetime
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
class Question(models.Model):
question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
def was_published_recently(self):
return self.pub_date = timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
class Choice(models.Model):
question = models.ForeignKey(Question)
choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
mysite/settings.py 修改 INSTALLED_APPS 添加 polls：
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'polls',
)
添加新 app 我需要运行面命令告诉 Django 模型做改变需要迁移数据库：
$ python manage.py makemigrations polls
看面输志：
Migrations for 'polls':
0001_initial.py:
- Create model Choice
- Create model Question
- Add field question to choice
polls/migrations/0001_initial.py 查看迁移语句
运行面语句查看迁移 sql 语句：
$ python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001
输结：
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE "polls_choice" ("id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "choice_text" varchar(200) NOT NULL, "votes" integer NOT NULL);
CREATE TABLE "polls_question" ("id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "question_text" varchar(200) NOT NULL, "pub_date" datetime NOT NULL);
CREATE TABLE "polls_choice__new" ("id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "choice_text" varchar(200) NOT NULL, "votes" integer NOT NULL, "question_id" integer NOT NULL REFERENCES "polls_question" ("id"));
INSERT INTO "polls_choice__new" ("choice_text", "votes", "id") SELECT "choice_text", "votes", "id" FROM "polls_choice";
DROP TABLE "polls_choice";
ALTER TABLE "polls_choice__new" RENAME TO "polls_choice";
CREATE INDEX polls_choice_7aa0f6ee ON "polls_choice" ("question_id");
COMMIT;
运行面命令检查数据库否问题：
$ python manage.py check
再运行面命令创建新添加模型：
$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, polls, auth, sessions
Running migrations:
Applying polls.0001_initial... OK
总结修改模型需要做几步骤：
修改 models.py 文件
运行 python manage.py makemigrations 创建迁移语句
运行 python manage.py migrate模型改变迁移数据库
阅读 django-admin.py documentation查看更 manage.py 用
创建模型我通 Django 提供 API 做测试运行面命令进入 python shell 交互模式：
$ python manage.py shell
面些测试：
from polls.models import Question, Choice # Import the model classes we just wrote.
# No questions are in the system yet.
Question.objects.all()
[]
# Create a new Question.
# Support for time zones is enabled in the default settings file, so
# Django expects a datetime with tzinfo for pub_date. Use timezone.now()
# instead of datetime.datetime.now() and it will do the right thing.
from django.utils import timezone
q = Question(question_text="What's new?", pub_date=timezone.now())
# Save the object into the database. You have to call save() explicitly.
q.save()
# Now it has an ID. Note that this might say "1L" instead of "1", depending
# on which database you're using. That's no biggie; it just means your
# database backend prefers to return integers as Python long integer
# objects.
q.id
1
# Access model field values via Python attributes.
q.question_text
"What's new?"
q.pub_date
datetime.datetime(2012, 2, 26, 13, 0, 0, 775217, tzinfo=)
# Change values by changing the attributes, then calling save().
q.question_text = "What's up?"
q.save()
# objects.all() displays all the questions in the database.
Question.objects.all()
[]
打印所 Question 输结 []我修改模型类使其输更易懂描述修改模型类：
from django.db import models
class Question(models.Model):
# ...
def __str__(self): # __unicode__ on Python 2
return self.question_text
class Choice(models.Model):
# ...
def __str__(self): # __unicode__ on Python 2
return self.choice_text
接继续测试：
from polls.models import Question, Choice
# Make sure our __str__() addition worked.
Question.objects.all()
[]
# Django provides a rich database lookup API that's entirely driven by
# keyword arguments.
Question.objects.filter(id=1)
[]
Question.objects.filter(question_text__startswith='What')
[]
# Get the question that was published this year.
from django.utils import timezone
current_year = timezone.now().year
Question.objects.get(pub_date__year=current_year)
# Request an ID that doesn't exist, this will raise an exception.
Question.objects.get(id=2)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
DoesNotExist: Question matching query does not exist.
# Lookup by a primary key is the most common case, so Django provides a
# shortcut for primary-key exact lookups.
# The following is identical to Question.objects.get(id=1).
Question.objects.get(pk=1)
# Make sure our custom method worked.
q = Question.objects.get(pk=1)
# Give the Question a couple of Choices. The create call constructs a new
# Choice object, does the INSERT statement, adds the choice to the set
# of available choices and returns the new Choice object. Django creates
# a set to hold the "other side" of a ForeignKey relation
# (e.g. a question's choice) which can be accessed via the API.
q = Question.objects.get(pk=1)
# Display any choices from the related object set -- none so far.
q.choice_set.all()
[]
# Create three choices.
q.choice_set.create(choice_text='Not much', votes=0)
q.choice_set.create(choice_text='The sky', votes=0)
c = q.choice_set.create(choice_text='Just hacking again', votes=0)
# Choice objects have API access to their related Question objects.
c.question
# And vice versa: Question objects get access to Choice objects.
q.choice_set.all()
[, , ]
q.choice_set.count()
3
# The API automatically follows relationships as far as you need.
# Use double underscores to separate relationships.
# This works as many levels deep as you want; there's no limit.
# Find all Choices for any question whose pub_date is in this year
# (reusing the 'current_year' variable we created above).
Choice.objects.filter(question__pub_date__year=current_year)
[, , ]
# Let's delete one of the choices. Use delete() for that.
c = q.choice_set.filter(choice_text__startswith='Just hacking')
c.delete()
面部测试涉及 django orm 相关知识详细说明参考 DjangoORM
5. 管理 admin
Django优秀特性, 内置Django admin台管理界面, 便管理者进行添加删除网站内容.
新建项目系统已经我设置台管理功能见 mysite/settings.py：
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.admin', #默认添加台管理功能
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'mysite',
)
同已经添加进入台管理 url, mysite/urls.py 查看：
url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)), #使用设置url进入网站台
接我需要创建管理用户登录 admin 台管理界面：
$ python manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'june'): admin
Email address:
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.
总结
看项目目录结构：
mysite
├── db.sqlite3
├── manage.py
├── mysite
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ ├── wsgi.py
├── polls
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── migrations
│ │ ├── 0001_initial.py
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── templates
│ │ └── polls
│ │ ├── detail.html
│ │ ├── index.html
│ │ └── results.html
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ ├── views.py
└── templates
└── admin
└── base_site.htm
通面介绍 django 安装、运行及何创建视 图模型清晰认识接深入习 django 自化测试、持久化、间件、 际 化等知识
Django 怎么实现扩展 user 模块
1 自定义Model中使用OneToOneField的方式来扩展。 2 第二种方式就是 django 1.5 以后的方法，通过 从AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin开始派生出一个自定用户Model，并且实现自定义的BaseUserManager就能够使用Django来创建用户。
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